what 和 that 引導從句的內容有什麼不同。 簡單的說下區別,舉個例子。。

  • 作者:由 匿名使用者 發表于 舞蹈
  • 2022-09-09

what 和 that 引導從句的內容有什麼不同。 簡單的說下區別,舉個例子。。匿名使用者2017.04.19 回答

引導名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句或表語從句)時,兩者有時會搞混。區別在於:

what在從句中充當主語或賓語。常可翻譯成“……的(事/話)”“所……的”。如:

What I like is reading。我所喜歡的是閱讀。(在主語從句what I like中,what作like的賓語)

What we need are expienced workers。我們需要的是熟練工。(在主語從句what we need 中,what作need的賓語)

What comes first is a letter in the game。遊戲中先出現的是一封信。(在主語從句what comes first中,what作主語)

This is what I hate。這是我所討厭的。(在表語從句what I hate中,what作hate的賓語)

that在從句中不充當任何成分,只起引導作用。如:

That the earth travels round the sun is true。地球繞著太陽轉,這是真理。(主語從句that the earth travels round the sun什麼成分都不缺,that只起引導主語從句的作用。)

That fact is that I don‘t like reading。事實是我不喜歡閱讀。(表語從句that I don’t like reading什麼成分都不缺,that只起引導表語從句的作用。)

另外,that可以引導定語從句,而what不能引導定語從句。

what 和 that 引導從句的內容有什麼不同。 簡單的說下區別,舉個例子。。NINI2017.04.19 回答

what 和that 都可以引導名詞性從句。

一.在引導名詞性從句時,從屬連詞that一般要注意三個不(three nos):

1.不省略(no ellipsis)

當從屬連詞that引導主語從句、表語從句和同位語從句時,that不省略。

eg。 1) that he was able to come made us happy。 (that 引導主語從句不可省略)

2)the truth is that i didn’t go there。 (that引導表語從句不可省略)

3)the news that our team has won is true。 (that引導同位語從句不可省略)

但在非正式文體中that 引導賓語從句時可以省略,除下列兩種情況外:

that在賓語從句中不能省略的情況。

(1)。 在主+謂+it(形式賓語)+賓補+that, 從句(真正賓語) 的句型中不省略。

eg: 4) he made it quite clear that he preferred to study english。(that不可以省略)

他很明確地說他寧願學習英語。

(2)。 由連詞and連線的兩個由that引導 的賓語從句中, 則第二個賓語從句前的that不省略。

eg: 5) he told me that he would come and that he would come on time。(第一個that可以省略,但第二個that不可以省略。)他告訴我他將來而且他將準時來。

2.不作成分(no component)

that 在名詞性從句中不作任何句子成分。

eg。 6)sydney kept his promise that he would always do anything he could for lucie to make sure of her happiness。(that在句中引導同位語從句,但在句中不作任何成分)

7))that you don’t like him is none of my business。 (that在句中引導主語從句,但在句中不作任何成分,也不省略)

3. 沒詞義(no meaning)

that 在名詞性從句中沒有漢語意思。

eg。 8)that she is a rich woman is known to us。 (that在句中引導主語從句,但在句中沒有漢語意義)

她是一個很有錢的女子,這一點我們都知道。

9)the thought that he might fail in the exam worried him。 (that在句中引導同位語從句,但在句中沒有漢語意義)

他也許會考試失敗,這一想法使他很擔心。

二.在引導名詞性從句時, what一般要注意一個不(one no),一個有(meaning),一個作(component):

1.不省略

what 引導名詞性從句時,what 在句中不省略。這一用法與that 用法不盡相同。

eg。 10) what i had for breakfast today was rice with egg。(what 在句中引導主語從句,what 不省略)

11)——i think it’s going to be a big problem。

——yes , it could be 。

——i wonder what we can do about。 (what在句中引導賓語從句,但在句中不省略)

2.有詞義

what 引導名詞性從句時,有詞義。一般是“——的東西/事情/話等”這一用法與that 用法不一樣

eg。 1) this is what she wanted to show us。 (what在句中引導表語從句,在句中有詞義,意思是“——的東西、事情)這是她想讓我們看的東西。

12)what the teacher said had a good effect on the children。 (what在句中引導主語從句,在句中有詞義,意思是“——的東西、事情)老師所說的話對孩子們有很好的作用。

3.作成分

what 在引導名詞性從句時,在從句中充當成分。這一用法與that 用法不一樣。

eg。 13)it doesn’t matter what he said。( it 是形式主語,what 在句中引導主語從句。what 在主語從句中作said 的賓語。)

14)it was true ______alice did surprised her mother。

a。 that what b。 what that c。 that that d。 all what

評析:這一題正確答案是a。it在句中是形式主語,that引導的是主語從句that alice did surprised her mother。,在這個主語從句當中,what 又引導了主語從句what alice did,what在從句中作did 的賓語。

三.要特別提醒同學們的兩點:

1。 what所引導的從句可以在介詞後作賓語,而that從句一般不可以。

eg: 15)after months of voyage ,columbus arrived in _____later proved to be a new continent。

a。 where b。 which c。 what d。 that

評析:答案是c。因為在介詞in 後面,應該用what引導的賓語從句,what在賓語從句中作主語。而that不可以這樣用。

16) on stepping into his room, he was astonished to find the floor covered with _____looked like tiny insects。

a。 that b。 something c。 what d。 anything

評析:答案是c。因為在介詞with 後面,應該用what引導的賓語從句,what在賓語從句中作主語。而that不可以這樣用。

2。that可以引導定語從句,而且是定語從句引導詞中的頂樑柱,它在定語從句中要充當成分,通常作定語從句中的主語、賓語。同時that也可以引導名詞性從句,在名詞性從句中that 不充當成分。 但what不可以引導定語從句。它只可以引導名詞性從句,在句中相當於 what =all that ,what 在名詞性從句中充當成分,常常作主語、賓語和表語。

eg: 17)。all _____i want to know is what he meant 。

a。 that b。 which c。 what d。 whatever

評析:答案是a。本題是that引導的定語從句。而what不可以引導定語從句。what=all that 。又因為先行詞是all ,故其後不可以接which 引導的定語從句。而。 whatever=anything that /no matter what 從意義和語法都不符合。所以只能選a,that。

18) ______impressed me most was ______such a little boy could play the violin so well。

a。 that ; what b。 what ; that c。 that ; that d。 what ; what

評析:答案是b。第一空是what 引導的主語從句,並在主語從句中作主語。第二空是that 引導的表語從句,that在表語從句中不省略,不作成分,也沒詞義。

要真正掌握what 和that 在名詞性從句中的用法,還得多多操練,熟能生巧(practice makes perferct)。

練習:

一.改錯題:

1。what we all like him is certain。

2。he left is certain。

3.i wished that we could go to beijing this summer and we could buy some books on our way back

4。his delay is due to the fact the car went wrong halfway。

5。the idea which the world may be destroyed by nuclear weapons came to him。

6。the news our team has won is true。

7。he said that he had made a big mistake and he felt very sorry for it。

8。the reason he did not come is he was ill。

9。his delay is due to the fact the car went wrong halfway。

10 。when you answer questions in a job interview ,please remember the golden rule: always give the monkey exactly that he wants。

keys: 1。(what→that) 2。(he 前加that) 3。(在and 後加that)4。(在the car前加that) 5。(which→that) 6。(在news 後加that ) 7。(第一個that可以省略,但第二個that不可以省略。所以要在and 後加that) 8。(在is 後加that)) 9。(在fact後加that)10。 (將that 改 what)

what 和 that 引導從句的內容有什麼不同。 簡單的說下區別,舉個例子。。匿名使用者2011.04.17 回答

what 要擔任成分,表示什麼事或物,而that不擔任什麼成分,在賓語從句中也只作賓語,可以省略。如,

I knew what you said。 what 是你說的內容。這句話用that即是

I knew the things (that) you said。

that可以引導很多種從句,what則比較少。

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