好聲音1718 2022-06-29

Before you get started： Filter the book by reading the preface， index， table of contents， and inside jacket。 This tells you where the author is going to take you and， importantly， the vocabulary they will use。

在你開始閱讀前，透過閱讀書的前言，索引，目錄以及腰封，篩選書籍。這種方法能讓你知道作者的寫作目的，更重要的是，作者將使用的語言。

There are three steps to effectively taking notes while reading：

閱讀時高效地記筆記，有以下三步：

1。At the end of each chapter write a few bullet points that summarize what you’ve read and make it personal if you can — that is， apply it to something in your life。 Also note any unanswered questions。 When you’re done the book， put it down for a week。

每讀完一章，用自己的語言寫下章節的關鍵點，來總結你讀過的內容。這些關鍵點也是要應用到生活中的。當你讀完一本書，把它放上一週。

2。Pick up the book again and go through all your notes。 Most of these will be garbage but there will be lots you want to remember。 Write the good stuff on the inside cover of the book along with a page number。

把書再拾起來，瀏覽你的筆記。大多數筆記都是垃圾，但也有你想記住的內容。將好的材料寫到書封面的內面，並寫下頁碼。

3。Copy out the excerpts by hand or take a picture of them to pop into Evernote。 Tag accordingly。

手抄一些摘錄，拍照上傳到Evernote，並根據內容貼上相應的標籤。

Dear Shane，

Can you tell me how you take notes while reading？

您能告訴我如何在閱讀時做筆記嗎？

— Jeff

I’ve been asked this question a lot。 Everyone wants to know how to read a book。 Well， one of the best ways to better filter and connect ideas is to read with pen in hand so you can take notes while reading。 This Marginalia — the tiny fragments that come into your head while reading — is a dying but important art that helps you remember what you read。

我經常被問到這個問題，每個人都想知道如何閱讀一本書。在那麼多好方法中，其中有一個更好的過濾以及聯想觀點的方法是閱讀的時候手裡拿著一支筆，以便於你記筆記。這種標註就是你在閱讀時，大腦產生的想法。這種標註是一種趨於消失但很重要的藝術，可以幫助你記憶。

Like almost everything in life there is no magical answer that fits everyone。 I can speak to the three-step process that works effectively for me on up to 150 books a year。 However， you’re going to have to see if that works for you。 While this sounds like a bit of trial and error （because it is）， it’s the only way to create lasting habit changes， improve your recall， and be able to easily find that passage you’re looking for。

就像生活中的大多數事物一樣，沒有一個適合所有人的神奇答案。我只能說這種三步走的讀書方法對我來說很有效，讓我一年可以讀150本書。然後，你只有實踐了才知道適不適合你。雖然這聽起來有點像試錯（它就是），但它是唯一能讓你創造持續的閱讀習慣、改善你回憶、輕鬆發現原文內容的方法。

Taking Notes While Reading

閱讀時記筆記

Step One。

The first thing I do when I pick up a book is read the preface， the table of contents， and the inside jacket。 Often， I’ll glance over the index too。 This doesn’t take long and often saves me time， as a lot of books do not make it past this filter。 Maybe it doesn’t contain the information I’m trying to gain。 If it seems crappy， I’ll flip to a few random pages to verify。

我拿起一本書做的第一件事是，閱讀書的前言、目錄、腰封。我也會看看索引。

這不需要花多少時間，還為我節約時間呢，因為大多數書過不了這樣的篩選。它沒有我需要的資訊。如果經過這樣的篩選後，書的內容很差，我隨機看上幾頁來確認。

This filter is a form of systematic skimming。 This isn’t my term， Mortimer Adler， a guy who literally wrote the the book on reading， came up with it。 Adler says there are four levels of reading。 I tend to blend inspectional reading and analytical reading together for most books。

這樣的篩選是一種系統的篩選。這不是我發明的，是Mortimer Adler的，它寫了關於閱讀的書，在書裡提出了這個方法。Adler說有四種層面的閱讀。對於大多數書來說，我把檢索性閱讀和分析性閱讀混合在一起了。

When I start reading the book， I have an idea what it’s about， the main argument， and some of the terminology involved。 I know where the author is going to take me and the broad strokes of how they will bring me along。

當我開始閱讀一本書的時候，由於有了篩選，對於作者的觀點，一些術語以及書的主要內容，我有了初步的瞭解。我知道作者寫作目的以及大概的瞭解他如何達到他的目的。

While reading， I take notes。 I circle words I need to look up。 I star points that I think are critical to the argument。 I underline anything that strikes me as interesting。 I comment like a mad man in the margins。 I try to tease out assumptions， etc。

我一邊讀一邊記筆記。

圈出需要查的詞。用星號標出我認為對於論證很關鍵的地方。在勾起我興趣的內容下面劃線標記。像瘋子一樣在頁邊寫下評論。我努力理順作者的假設。

Essentially， I’m trying to engage in a conversation with the author。 Maybe my questions will be answered on the next page or in the next chapter。 Maybe I’ll need to find another book to answer them。 Who knows。 But I write them down。

重要的是，我嘗試參與到與作者的對話中。或許我的問題在下一頁或者下一章就能找到對應的答案。或許我再另一本書裡才能找到答案。誰知道呢。但我會把他們寫下來。

At the end of each chapter I write a few bullet points that summarize what I’ve just read。 When I’m done， I let the book age。 I put the book on my desk and I won’t touch it for anywhere from a few days to a week。

在每章的最後，我會列個清單，用來總結我讀過的內容。當我結束的時候，就暫時把書放一邊了。一週內我是不會再碰它的。

Step two。

When I pick the book up again， I re-read every scribble， underline， and comment I’ve made （assuming I can still read my writing）。

當我再捧起書的時候，我會重新讀一讀我的手抄、劃線的內容以及註釋（如果我還能認出我的筆記的話。

I’m not the same person I was the first time I read the book， two things have changed： （1） I’ve read the entire book and （2） I’ve had a chance to sleep on what may have seemed earth-shattering at the time but now just seems meh。

同第一次讀書時的我比，我已經不一樣了。兩件事變了：1。我已經讀完了甄本書。2。經過消化後，當時很令我震驚的內容現在已經不足為奇了。

If something still strikes my interest， I write a note in the first few pages of the book， in my own words， on the topic。 Often this is a summary but increasingly it’s ways to apply the knowledge。 I index this to the page number in the book。

如果仍然有東西勾起我的興趣。我會在書的前面幾頁，用自己的話寫一寫筆記。這樣雖然是總結但是是在應用知識。我把這些總結和書裡對應的頁碼聯絡起來。

Sometimes， and this depends on the book， I’ll create a sort of mental summary of the book’s main arguments and gaps。 Sometimes I’ll cross-link points with other books。

但有些時候，這也視書而定，有時我會創造將書裡的主要觀點的總結記在腦子裡。有時我也將它們和其他書聯絡在一起。

Step 3 （optional）。

Wait a few days。 Then go through the book and copy out excerpts by hand and put them into your repository or common place book。 I use these notes to connect and synthesize ideas as I read。

等幾天。然後翻閱這本書，用手複製摘錄，並把它們放在你的儲存庫或公共地方的書中。當我閱讀的時候，我用這些筆記來連線和合成想法。

To aid recall connect the ideas to something you already have in your mind。 Is it a continuation of the idea？ Does it replace an idea？ Is it the same idea in a difference discipline？ I add these connections to my notes and percolate them in my mind。 Often I turn out to be mistaken but that’s the process。

為了幫助回憶，把這些想法和你已經在腦子裡的東西聯絡起來。這是這個想法的延續嗎？它是否取代了一個想法？在不同的學科中，這是同一個想法嗎？我將這些聯絡新增到我的筆記中，並將它們滲透到我的腦海中。我經常會弄錯，但這是一個過程。

Most of the time， you get to see the ideas on Farnam Street。 You can see how I connect and contextualize ideas， linking them across disciplines。 I find writing about the ideas really helps me develop my understanding。

大多數時候，你可以在Farnam Street看到這些想法。你可以看到我是如何聯絡和關聯思想的，並將它們跨學科聯絡起來。我發現關於這些想法的寫作確實幫助我發展了我的理解。

Even if you don’t share your thoughts with millions of people you can do the same thing with Evernote， which is searchable， easy to use， and free。 Personally， I do not use technology as a substitute for the non-technological approach mentioned above but rather as a complement。

即使你不和數以百萬計的人分享你的想法，你也可以做同樣的事情。埃弗諾特，它是可搜尋的，易於使用，而且是免費的。就我個人而言，我不使用技術代替上述非技術方法，而是作為補充。

I rarely listen to books but if you are listening to a book， create a new note for that book and type in notes as you are listening。 I know a few people that do not take notes as they are listening because they listen in the car on the way to work。 They find that sitting down right away when they get to work and typing up notes is an effective way to improve recall although the notes are less accurate。

我很少聽書，但是如果你在聽一本書，為那本書建立一個新的筆記，在你聽的時候輸入筆記。我認識一些人，他們在聽的時候不記筆記，因為他們在上班的路上在車裡聽。他們發現，當他們開始工作的時候，坐下來打字記筆記是提高記憶力的有效方法，儘管這些筆記不太準確。

原文： https：//fs。blog/2013/11/taking-notes-while-reading/